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Types of Anxiety Disorders Everyone feels anxiety and fear at times, but when these feelings are extreme or ongoing and interfere with your daily routine, they could be a sign of an anxiety disorder. Treatments include medication, psychotherapy or talk therapy. First, see your physician to rule out any physical ailments that could be the cause of your symptoms. A psychiatrist or another mental health specialist can diagnose the type of anxiety disorder you are suffering from. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious every from time to time and there are good reasons to worry about issues like work responsibilities, health or financial. But if your anxieties become constant and take over your life, you could have a more serious anxiety disorder called generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). People with GAD have fears that have a profound effect on their lives and are often hard to control. They tend to assume the worst, and that small issues can turn into major catastrophes. GAD can be experienced by anyone, and typically begins in childhood or adolescence however, it can also occur at any time. It is twice as common for women and those who are assigned to be female at birth, as it is in men. GAD can cause physical symptoms, such as stomachaches and headaches, as well as make it difficult to sleep. It can also interfere with social and work activities, leading people to isolate themselves from friends or family and lead to a loss of self-esteem. People who suffer from chronic and severe GAD are more likely to be depressed however treatment can aid in managing both disorders. While the exact cause of anxiety disorders is not known, they appear to be related to genes and changes in brain structure that alter how your body responds to stress. Some experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters within the brain plays a part. While there is no cure for GAD it can be controlled through psychotherapy (talk therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, is a variety of methods that help you identify and modify negative thoughts, emotions, and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is a form of therapy that can help you to understand and control your distorted thinking patterns and reduce your fears by engaging them. Some physical symptoms such as heart palpitations or dizziness can be relieved by medications. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and certain medications used to treat seizures, like hydroxyzine. GAD can be difficult to recognize and is therefore important to seek out help if you notice worrying or other signs of the disorder. Early treatment is more effective, because it helps you manage your physical and mental symptoms before they begin to take over your life. Panic disorder This anxiety disorder is characterised by sudden, intense feelings of fear and terror (panic attacks) that peak within a matter of minutes. People with this disorder may also suffer from chest pain, shortness of breath or the sensation that their heart is pounding or flaring (“heart palpitations”). They worry that the symptoms they are experiencing are signs of heart attacks. People with panic disorder may be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, such as depression and other health problems such asthma or hyperthyroidism. The reason behind anxiety disorders isn't fully understood however, experts believe that they arise from a mix of factors. Some research suggests they may be caused by brain circuits that regulate fear and emotion. Other studies suggest that genetics as well as life experiences, like childhood abuse or traumatic events are the most the most common causes of anxiety disorders. A large majority of people suffering from an anxiety disorder have a first-degree relative who suffers from the condition. People suffering from anxiety disorders may be worried all the time even when they realize that their fears are not rational. This can create issues in social settings at work, at home or in school. People with anxiety disorders may also have difficulty sleeping or eating well. They may also have tension in the muscles, irritability and difficulties concentrating. A person with generalized anxiety disorder is likely to experience many worries about everyday tasks, such as the demands of their job or family issues. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable as well as having trouble concentrating. They frequently worry about the safety of themselves or others. There are effective treatments available for anxiety disorders. Treatments include psychotherapy, medicine and complementary health methods. A mental health professional can help identify which disorder is causing your symptoms and suggest the right treatment. Talk therapy or psychotherapy can help you cope with anxiety and decrease panic attacks. Different types of psychotherapy are available, including cognitive behavior therapy and exposure response prevention. These treatments can be carried out individually or in groups. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a serious condition that can hinder everyday life. It causes extreme anxiety, fear, and aversion to social situations. It typically begins in childhood, but may be present in the early years of adulthood. It can manifest itself as anxiety in certain social situations like speaking in class or going out for dates. Or it may be more widespread and include avoiding all situations that could result in being assessed. While the person with SAD realizes that their fear is unfounded, they feel powerless to overcome it. They try to manage their symptoms by avoiding stressful situations, but this only increases their anxiety in the long in the long run. They might also develop “safety behavior” to lessen their anxiety. For instance they may drink alcohol, avoid talking to others or avoid eye contact. Some people with SAD might benefit from taking medication along with psychological therapy. These antidepressants can help balance certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It's important that you or someone you love receives treatment when they have social anxiety disorder. If not treated, the condition could be debilitating and lead to other mental health issues such as depression or addiction to substances. If you or someone else you know is suffering from suicidal thoughts, call 911 or your local crisis hotline or text TALK (741741) to speak with an emergency counselor. Anxiety disorders are extremely treatable but only one of 4 people who require care receive it. Treatment is impeded due to an absence of awareness of anxiety disorders, low investment in mental services, and stigma. It is also essential that your healthcare provider is aware of the various forms of anxiety disorders, so that you can be properly diagnosed and treated. If you're not sure if you suffer from an anxiety disorder, ask your doctor to refer you to an expert in mental health or use an online screening tool. Specific Phobias A person with a particular fear has a consistent and intense fear of one or more objects, situations like animals, animals, or people. These fears are often in contrast to the dangers that the object or circumstance poses, but they can cause distress and hinder daily functioning. Specific phobias differ from other anxiety disorders because they involve anxiety about one stimulus, instead of multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object could be anything, from dogs to heights or flying, injections to flying and the crowded spaces. This condition is prevalent throughout the world and is more common in males than women, and is more likely to begin in childhood or early adolescence. Certain phobias aren't just unreasonable fears, but the fear is real. Children with specific phobias usually outgrow them, but if the anxiety persists in adults it can be extremely difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder based on the symptoms reported and their impact on daily function. Before diagnosing a phobia doctors rule out other conditions with similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia or social anxiety disorder. In earlier editions of DSM, adult patients were required to recognize their irrational fears in the diagnostic process. However the 2013 edition says that this requirement is no longer needed for adults. There are two types of treatment for specific phobias: cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on teaching people healthier ways of coping and changing their reactions to fear. Exposure-based therapy is the gradual and systematic exposure to the feared subject or event. Patients may begin by thinking about the object or situation, then move on to looking at pictures of the subject, taking a step toward it (such as walking past an elevator) or holding an imaginary snake, going to a zoo for a look at real snakes, and then riding in a crowded elevator. While this type of therapy is not able to cure a phobia however it can greatly decrease the severity of its symptoms. Psychotherapy and medication like antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications are also options for treating certain phobias. These treatments are generally reported to be effective by people with specific phobias.